Why Rich Men Marry Kikuyu Women Only-Shocking

After Safaricom CEO Bob Collymore married a Kikuyu lady, several women from other tribes took to social media to pour their frustrations, while others called Wambui Kamiru a “gold digger”. But there are underlying factors that make Kikuyu women attractive to rich men.
They don’t play hard to get when they are sure a man is rich.
Kikuyu women play smart, unlike Kisii, Kamba, Luhya,Luo and Kalenjin women. Instead of playing hard to get, they play smart. Once they spot the opportunity, they make sure they behave-even faking some behaviours that attract rich men-so as to bait the man.These women know what they want, they can go miles pleasing the man until they get what they want.
They know where the rich guys spend their time
Unlike other women who spend their time at Muthurwa market, gikomba,taj mall,Rongai and Kawangware chewing sugarcane..Kikuyu women spend time at Sankara, Villa Rosa Kempinksi and posh areas where the rich guys are found mostly.
While other tribes like Luhya, Kisii, Luo, Maasai and Kamba love Nigerian movies, Kikuyu women know what kind of movies rich men watch. If the man invites such a lady to his house, she will choose and carry the best movies for him, thus attracting the attention of the guy.
Kikuyu women always attend events where CEOs and top leadership are in attendance.They mingle and exchange contacts, when other tribes are attending Gor Mahia match at City Stadium.
Kikuyu men are beautiful and modern
What makes Kikuyu women more attractive to wealth men is their ability to equip themselves with latest fashion trends in the world. They know clothes that are attractive to rich men, and actually spend money buying the same.
You will also agree with me that no tribe in Kenya beats the Kikuyu in terms of beauty. And am sure you are aware beauty acts as a magnet between a thirst man and a willing woman. Even an ugly Kikuyu woman will try hard, even bleach, to ensure she is attractive to a rich guy.
They know how to treat women-before marriage
Before she is married, you won’t know the true character of a Kikuyu woman. She will make sure you know all her strengths, but also make sure she hides her insecurities. The man will end up thinking he is marrying an angel…
She rarely tells her competitors she is dating a rich man.
One stupid things women from other tribes do is revealing to other women the kind of a man she is dating. Kikuyu women don’t make such mistake because she knows the man can leave her for her friends. Who knew Wambui Kamiru was dating bob Collymore?

Kenyan Tribes Whose Women are Good in Bed

There is nothing disappointing to a man when you realize that your woman is boring in bed. Though there are several tribes in Kenya whose women are horrible in bed, there are some 5 tribes that set the record in bed.

 Luo Women
Luo women have cut a niche for themselves. These women are the undisputed queens of bedroom matters. Once you have a Luo woman, even for 30 minutes, you will never desire to have another tribe.
But one disappointing thing about the tribe is that even if you satisfy her today, she will steal cheat tomorrow.
Luo women scream a lot during the act-even the neighbor will notice something is happening.
Kamba Women
We all agree that more than 50 % of Kamba women cheat even in marriage. The main reason why they cheat is that their men are weak in bed.
A Kamba lady has so much fat in her body (tell me if you have ever met a skinny Kamba lady unless she is emaciated) which makes demand a man day in day out. It is rare for a Kamba lady to stay for a week without asking for it.If the husband is not around, she will get it elsewhere.
Kamba women know all the styles and they will always make the man happy, even make him empty his pocket even without being asked for money.
Luhya women
Just like Luo women, Luhya women are very good in bed. You can experiment if you wish.
Taita Women
Taita women are not only beautiful, but also extremely sweet. If she gives you once, you will come begging again.

Kenyan Tribes Whose Women are Good in Bed

There is nothing disappointing to a man when you realize that your woman is boring in bed. Though there are several tribes in Kenya whose women are horrible in bed, there are some 5 tribes that set the record in bed.
 Luo Women
Luo women have cut a niche for themselves. These women are the undisputed queens of bedroom matters. Once you have a Luo woman, even for 30 minutes, you will never desire to have another tribe.
But one disappointing thing about the tribe is that even if you satisfy her today, she will steal cheat tomorrow.
Luo women scream a lot during the act-even the neighbor will notice something is happening.
Kamba Women
We all agree that more than 50 % of Kamba women cheat even in marriage. The main reason why they cheat is that their men are weak in bed.
A Kamba lady has so much fat in her body (tell me if you have ever met a skinny Kamba lady unless she is emaciated) which makes demand a man day in day out. It is rare for a Kamba lady to stay for a week without asking for it.If the husband is not around, she will get it elsewhere.
Kamba women know all the styles and they will always make the man happy, even make him empty his pocket even without being asked for money.
Luhya women
Just like Luo women, Luhya women are very good in bed. You can experiment if you wish.
Taita Women
Taita women are not only beautiful, but also extremely sweet. If she gives you once, you will come begging again.

Confirmed: TPDC opened 3 escrow accounts at Stanbic

As Coffer of Tanzania governor Benno Ndulu charcoal tight-lipped on the axial bank's role in authorising the move
THE state-run Tanzania Petroleum Development Corporation (TPDC) accepted bygone that it opened three abstracted escrow accounts with Stanbic Coffer Tanzania Limited as a action for accepting ample Chinese loans for the $1.225 billion Mtwara-Dar es Salaam accustomed gas activity project.
One of the escrow accounts currently has a antithesis of $60 actor (over 130 billion/-), while addition annual was opened accurately for the depositing of all approaching revenues accrued from gas sales through the 532-kilometre pipeline.
"The government through the Coffer of Tanzania instructed Stanbic Coffer to accessible three escrow accounts as one of the altitude for accepting loans for the new accustomed gas basement from the Export-Import Coffer of China," TPDC said in a annual in acknowledgment to questions from The Guardian.
"The accounts are controlled by the accoutrement of the escrow accounts administration acceding accordingly alive amid Stanbic Coffer (as the escrow bank), TPDC (as the end user), Exim Coffer (as the lender), and the Ministry of Finance (as the borrower on annual of the Tanzanian government)," the annual added.
The escrow accounts opened by TPDC are the Gas Revenue Annual for the purpose of depositing all revenues accrued from gas sales through the pipeline; the Operational Annual advised to be acclimated for alive the infrastructure; and the Accommodation Claim Account.
"TPDC was authorised to be a attestant to (all three) accounts. Currently the two accounts of gas revenues and operational are still abeyant and are accepted to be alive afterwards acknowledgment of the project's official bartering operational date (COD)," the TPDC annual said.
"The accommodation claim annual is alive and funds deposited therein by the government of Tanzania and TPDC during altered periods of time accept accomplished to the tune of $60 million," it added explained.
According to the petroleum sector’s authoritative agency, the accommodation claim escrow annual was opened for the depositing of accessory funds to awning interests and charge fees for disbursements fabricated by China's Exim Coffer during the activity accomplishing period.
The aforementioned annual was aswell advised for the depositing of funds to be acclimated to accord loans accustomed from the Chinese coffer afterwards the activity handover and afterwards the end of the accommodation adroitness periods.
Stanbic Coffer was best to handle the escrow accounts "following a aggressive behest action as per accretion procedures," the TPDC annual said.
The activity and accompanying gas processing plants were commissioned endure year.
The absolute amount of the activity has afresh been an affair of altercation with some action associates of assembly claiming it was aggrandized by over 100 per cent and at atomic $600 actor was allegedly spent on paying kickbacks to some key government officials.
The timing of the aperture of the escrow accounts in March 2013 coincided with a behemothic $600 actor accommodation to the Tanzanian government abiding by Stanbic Coffer and its ancestor company, Standard Bank.
But until yesterday’s TPDC statement, the key institutions complex accept called to abide decidedly tight-lipped on both transactions. Stanbic Coffer admiral accept not responded to The Guardian's queries on any accessible links amid the escrow accounts and the said loan.
And although the Coffer of Tanzania (BoT) clearly authorised the aperture of the TPDC escrow accounts at Stanbic Bank, BoT governor Prof. Benno Ndulu has aswell flatly banned to admit data on the matter.
"I will not acknowledge to questions on TPDC’s banking matters. Ask TPDC," Ndulu responded curtly if approached by The Guardian to animadversion about the accounts.
Stanbic Coffer is already at the centre of arguable revelations that a $6 actor allurement was allegedly paid to chief Tanzania government admiral in affiliation with plan on the accommodation accord in 2012 and 2013.
The above abettor accepted of the Tanzania Revenue Authority (TRA), Harry Kitilya, and two ex-Stanbic Coffer admiral are currently adverse austere bribery accuse in a Dar es Salaam cloister over the matter. They accept denied the accuse and their case now awaits a academic audition date.

Putin and Poroshenko altercate accessible captive swap

The Kremlin says the fate of a Ukrainian pilot confined in Russia and two Russians approved in Ukraine accept been discussed by both leaders. Poroshenko has ahead mooted a captive swap.

A cloister audition for Russian admiral Yevgeny Yerofeyev and Alexander Alexandrov at Holosiivskyi commune cloister in Kyiv on April 18, 2016

Moscow said the affair came up in a buzz alarm amid the two leaders Monday, the aforementioned day two Russians were bedevilled to 14 years in bastille for angry in Ukraine's insubordinate east (court audition pictured).

Their jailing follows the confidence of Ukrainian pilot Nadezhda Savchenko, who endure ages was begin accusable in affiliation with the annihilation of two Russian journalists in eastern Ukraine. She is now on ache strike.

"The affair of Nadezhda Savchenko as able-bodied as the fate of Russian nationals Alexander Alexandrov and Yevgeny Yerofeyev has been affected upon," the Kremlin said afterward the buzz call.

Ukrainian pilot Nadezhda Savchenko

Ukrainian pilot Nadezhda Savchenko

The account added that Ukraine's delegate accepted would "soon" be accustomed to appointment Savchenko in prison, due to her declining health. The Kiev government has apprenticed Moscow to acquiesce adopted doctors to appraise her.

Analysts said the chat confused advanced a achievability of a captive swap, which was mooted by Ukrainian President Petro Poroshenko.

Deal canicule away?

Kyiv already afresh apprenticed Moscow to "immediately" chargeless Savchenko, who accustomed a 22-year sentence, and whose balloon Poroshenko declared as "a farce."

The 34-year-old Savchenko - who has become a civic hero at home - began abnegation all aliment and liquids in beef at her book on April 6.

But her absolution could be complicated by her abnegation to accept any wrongdoing. Russian law says that adopted convicts may alone be beatific home to serve their time already they confess.

Meanwhile, Russia says the two soldiers - Alexandrov and Yerofeyev - had accommodated from alive assignment afore bridge into the war area of their own chargeless will.

Russians Yevgeny Yerofeyev Alexander Alexandrow

Russian nationals Yevgeny Yerofeyev and Alexander Alexandrov

Kyiv insists the duo were confined as associates of an aristocratic Russian aggressive intelligence assemblage if they were captured in the pro-Moscow agitator arena of Luhansk in May 2015.

The trials are the latest in a collision amid Russia and Ukraine afterwards pro-Moscow-backed rebels bedeviled ample areas of eastern Ukraine in April 2014. Russia has denied sending troops to action in the conflict. At atomic 9,100 humans accept been dead back then.

BREAKING NEWS>>>>Hamprey Polepole Is appinted to be a District Commissiner in Musoma

The President of United Republic of Tanzania, Doctor. John Pombe Magufuli Has appointed MR. Hamprey Polepole to be a District commissioner at Musoma district in Mara Region. His appointed was the way to replace Mr. Zolothe Steven. therefore from today 18th April 2016, the appointed Man will be official  district commissioner at specified  Place.

Set foot in Tanzania and I’ll lock you in Prison, Magufuli warns Hon Duale From Kenya

By Gregory Mponda

Tanzanian ‘Bulldozer’ President Dr. John Pombe Joseph Magufuli has vowed to send to prison Kenyan majority leader in Parliament Aden if he dares set foot on Tanzanian soil.

Magufuli’s curfew comes days after he ordered the detainment of Kenyan Cabinet Secretary Alfred Keter for possession of fake travel documents.

Following the Magufuli fiat on Keter, hon. Duale took it to the media to do what he does best, undermining and disrespecting the Tanzanians authorities.

Speaking today morning from State House Tanzania, President Magufuli reportedly ordered the police to arrest Duale if he dares step in Tanzanian soil.

Here is what Magufuli had to say:

“Kuna punguani mwingine huko Kenya anaitwa Duale anazungumza kama kasuku akitukana watu wa Tanzania. Huyu mtu anafikiria huo upuuzi wake anaweza akatuletea sisi watu wa Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Watu wa Tanzania? Mkatazeni kabisa na mtu amuelezee kwamba hapa ni Tanzania wala si Kenya. Kelele zake zisizokua na msingi wacha azipige huko Kenya akitukana Mheshimiwa Raila. Hapa tutamfunga kabisa na nataka kumwagiza waziri wa usalama amkamate mnafiki Yule punde tu atakapokanyaga ardhi ya watanzania”

(There is this other crazy one from Kenya called Duale. This one talks like a parrot while insulting Tanzanians. If this fool thinks he can insult Tanzanians and get away with it, someone should tell him we are Tanzanians. Let him make his noise in Kenya as he insults Prime Minister Raila. Here, we shall send him to prison forever. I also want to direct the Minister for security to capture the hypocrite if he sets foot in Tanzanian soil)

Ladies Take Note! If Your Man Has These 10 Qualities, Don't Ever Lose Him To Anyone

It may prove difficult to find a great guy in our contemporary world but there are indeed great guys and they have these traits below in them.

Here's a list of 10 universal good-guy qualities that can help get you started.

1. He's kind to everyone

Not just you on your best day but you on your worst. Same goes for the waiter who brought the wrong appetizer, his coworkers, his family (and yours), and pretty much everyone. Someone who is genuinely kind spreads kindness wherever he goes.

2. He's genuinely happy

A happy person is not only a healthy person but also someone who is optimistic and fulfilled. Who wouldn't love a life with someone like that?

3. He loves you

Yeah, I know, duh. But I mean the real you. Not just the way you look or the things you do for him or the fact that you are conveniently 4 inches shorter, also love staying in on Friday nights, and get along with his family.

He must love the unique things about you, like how you're always 30 minutes late to everything, how you put exactly three lemons in all your drinks, the long-winded way you tell a story, or how you always need the toilet paper roll so that the top flap faces down.

4. He takes care of you

5. He makes you smile

When you're with him, and when you think about him.

6. You can be yourself around him

No matter how much you might be into someone, it's never going to be real until you can let down your guard around him.

7. He's the only one you fantasize about

8. He spends like you

A guy who's on board to make your fantasy tour-de-France vacation a reality? Fantastic. A guy who then complains about every dollar you want to spend on said trip? No bien.

If springing for the good rosé and staying in a schmance hotel is your idea of fun, you need a guy that gets it. Money is the root of a lot of relationship issues, so being on the same page about spending is crucial.

9. He doesn't put up with your crap

Whether it's yelling instead of talking, being passive-aggressive when you're upset, or some sort of family/work issue you're taking out on him. He knows your patterns and not only talks to you about them kindly but offers support when and where you need it.

Someone who can see you to your very core, accepts your flaws, and only wants to help you be a better person? That's love.

10. He puts you first

When it comes down to it, you are the No. 1 most important person in his life, and there are no questions about that.

If his friends want to do a guy's weekend in Vegas, he says no because he's got a good thing going with you, doesn't want to get into trouble, and knows it will mean missing that concert you really want to go to. And if his mom hates the wallpaper you chose for your first apartment together, you'll never find out, because he tells her if you're happy, he's happy, and that's the end of it.

ZANTEL LAUNCHES FIRST 4G LTE NETWORK IN ZANZIBAR

ZANZIBAR’S Second Vice- President, Ambassador Seif Ali Idd has launched the first 4G LTE network in Zanzibar to enable the people of Zanzibar embrace the latest technology.

Speaking at the event in Zanzibar yesterday, Ambassador Idd said 4G network would allow the people of Zanzibar to learn, earn, and compete in the global marketplace on a level pitch.

“As shareholders of Zantel, the government of Zanzibar is proud of the advancement Zantel has made over the years, and by bringing this fast internet connectivity to Zanzibar, they present an opportunity for development and advancement to the people of Zanzibar,” he said.

The 4G technology will improve customer experience and speed up all the internet activities such as accessing Skype, video conference facilities, YouTube, and all social media platforms like Facebook, WhatsApp. Zantel Chief Executive Officer, Mr Benoit Janin said Zantel was taking the lead in innovation by making the world more accessible to the citizens of Zanzibar.

‘Zantel has developed a reputation for breaking new ground in Zanzibar’s mobile landscape and we have always remained at the forefront of innovation.

Today’s launch of 4G LTE is a key milestone for Zantel Family’. “Zantel will continue its commitment to invest in new technologies as we aim to meet the needs of our customers and bring to people the fastest, easiest and most affordable mobile internet services,” he said.

Alongside the launch of 4G LTE, Mr Janin also announced the expansion of Zantel’s network coverage across the Mainland, ensuring the widest and most reliable coverage.

Zantel network will indeed cover 80 per cent of the population in Tanzania in the coming weeks.

Clothes That Transmit Digital Data Soon

 
Imagine shirts that act as antennas for smartphones or tablets, workout clothes that monitor fitness level or even a flexible fabric cap that senses activity in the brain!

All this will soon be possible as the researchers working on wearable electronics have been able to embroider circuits into fabric with super precision -- a key step toward the design of clothes that gather, store or transmit digital information.

"A revolution is happening in the textile industry. We believe that functional textiles are an enabling technology for communications and sensing and one day, even for medical applications like imaging and health monitoring," said lead researcher John Volakis from Ohio State University.

The milestone achieved by the Ohio researchers has the potential to allow integration of electronic components such as sensors and computer memory devices into clothing with 0.1 mm precision.

With further development, the technology could also lead to sports equipment that monitor athletes' performance or a bandage that tells doctors how well the tissue beneath it is healing.

Volakis' team created the functional textiles, also called "e-textiles," on a typical tabletop sewing machine.

Like other modern sewing machines, it embroiders thread into fabric automatically based on a pattern loaded via a computer file.

The researchers substituted the thread with fine silver metal wires that, once embroidered, feel the same as traditional thread to the touch.

"For the first time, we've achieved the accuracy of printed metal circuit boards, so our new goal is to take advantage of the precision to incorporate receivers and other electronic components," added Volakis in a paper published in the journal IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters.

The shape of the embroidery determines the frequency of operation of the antenna or circuit.

"Shape determines function. And you never really know what shape you will need from one application to the next. So we wanted to have a technology that could embroider any shape for any application," noted Asimina Kiourti, co-author of the study.

She also incorporated some techniques common to microelectronics manufacturing to add parts to embroidered antennas and circuits.
source: http://www.lifehacker.co.in
(Image Credits: Flickr)

Conflict of interest: Police drop 37bn/- corruption probe

THE Tanzania Police has disqualified itself from an investigation into allegations of impropriety in a controversial contract worth around 37 billion/.

The former Inspector General of Police, Said Mwema

The contract was signed with a Dar es Salaam-based private company, Lugumi Enterprises Limited, for the supply of fingerprint scanners, citing conflict of interest.
The police force said since it was a party to the contract, it could not investigate itself.
The Director of Criminal Investigations (DCI) in the Tanzania Police Force, Diwani Athumani, told The Guardian yesterday that the investigation into the contract has been handed over to the government's anti-graft watchdog, the Prevention and Combating of Corruption Bureau (PCCB).
“We are following the matter closely. Investigations will be done by PCCB because we want members of the public to have confidence in the credibility of the final findings,” he noted.
The contract was sealed in 2011 during the tenure of the then Inspector General of Police (IGP), Said Mwema.
When contacted by The Guardian yesterday, Mwema declined to comment on the allegations of corruption in the deal.
Mwema, who currently serves as chairman of the board of directors of Exim Bank Tanzania, previously worked as the head of the international criminal police organization (Interpol) regional office in Nairobi.
There has been a protracted tug-of-war between the parliamentary Public Accounts Committee (PAC) and the police force over the investigation.
The Bunge watchdog committee this week issued a new three-day ultimatum to the police force to present the contract with Lugumi Enterprises Ltd by tomorrow for parliamentary scrutiny.
But the incumbent IGP, Ernest Mangu, said the police force was not answerable to parliament and hence would not honour the deadline.
The IGP insisted that the police could only submit the contract to the home affairs minister if he instructed it to do so.
According to the PAC, the Controller and Auditor General (CAG) said in its government audit report for fiscal year 2013/14 that there were serious shortcomings in the implementation of the contract between the police and the private firm.
The scanners were reportedly supposed to be installed in over 100 district police stations across the country, but the PAC said the contract was implemented by just 10 per cent despite already being paid for by about 99 per cent.
Representatives of Lugumi Enterprises, which has been awarded several multi-million shilling contracts by various government ministries and state-run agencies over the past few years, were yesterday not immediately available for comment.
The fingerprint technology was expected to significantly improve police efficiency in carrying out criminal investigations and positively identifying suspects.
There was also conflicting reports on whether or not the police had finally decided to submit the contract to another parliamentary watchdog team, the Foreign Affairs, Defence and Security committee chaired by Adadi Rajabu.
When contacted by The Guardian for comment, the Permanent Secretary in the Ministry of Home Affairs, Projest Rwegasira, dismissed reports that his ministry had submitted the contract for the supply of fingerprints to the police to the parliamentary Foreign Affairs, Defence and Security committee.
“I have special directives from the Public Accounts Committee. So far I have not submitted the contract to any authority,” he said, without explaining.
A TANGLED WEB
While the police force has dropped the investigation citing conflict of interest, all the key players in the ongoing investigation have tangled relationships between them linking them to the police.
The current IGP, Mangu, and other senior officials of the police force all previously worked under Mwema when he served as the country's police chief
The current PCCB director-general, Valentino Mlowola, previously served in the police as a regional police commander (RPC) and chief of police intelligence when Mwema was the IGP.
Similarly, the current chairman of the parliamentary Foreign Affairs, Defence and Security committee, Adadi Rajabu, is a former Director of Criminal Investigations in the police force, who also reported to Mwema.
This means that is the allegations against the police force over the procurement contract are formally presented to the PCCB and the parliamentary Foreign Affairs, Defence and Security committee, both Mlowola and Adadi respectively would be asked to possibly investigate allegations against their former boss, ex-IGP Mwema.
Parliamentary sources say other high-profile individuals could also be implicated in the deal if the investigations unravel "hidden" faces behind the contract.
According to official records from the government's procurement watchdog, the Public Procurement Regulatory Authority (PPRA), Lugumi Enterprises, is registered as a service providers to the government for various procurement service.
The company is registered by the government as a supplier of a wide range of services, including office stationery, fumigation services, maintenance of office equipment, provider of firefighting equipment and office consumables and accessories.
PPRA documents show that the firm has over the years been awarded several other contracts by government institutions, such as a contract worth 846.5 million with the Ministry of Home Affairs for the supply of "security goods." The contract was signed on 7 June 2010.
In September 2014, the same company was awarded another contract by the state-run Muhimbili National Hospital (MNH) valued at over 140m/- for the supply of stationery.
The Business Registration and Licensing Agency (BRELA), another government body, signed a contract with Lugumi in December 2014 worth over 20m/- for the supply of diaries, seasonal greeting cards and calendars.

How to save yourself from Android malware

Mobile Technologies

The growth of Android usage has pulled in hackers who are finding new ways to attack the widening user pool

Diksha Gupta, TechGig.com

According to a recent report from Trend Micro, Android malware has doubled from 2014 to 2015. 

Needless to say, mobile devices continued being hotbeds for cybercriminals looking to exploit security flaws. If not controlled, Android malware can reach an all-new level and impact other smart technologies as well. 

As per the findings of various researches and surveys, it is projected that by 2017, almost one third of the world will own mobile devices, of which Android phones will take the lion's share. 

However, this growth comes with associated threats. The growth of Android usage has managed to garner a lot of attention of hackers who are now honing their hacking skills and finding new ways to attack into the vast and widening pool of potential victims. 

TechGig.com spoke to Nilesh Jain, country manager-India and SAARC, Trend Micro, about the increasing threats on Android and how to avoid them.

Listing the most popular threats, Nilesh shares, "Of all the threats, mobile malware is the top most, which is thriving and constantly evolving. With 97 per cent of malware threat occurring on Android devices, premium-rate SMS fraud is main type of malware affecting people worldwide. Threats piggybacked on the robust Android growth and vulnerability, spamming and phishing have now shifted away from emails to social media. Another vulnerability identified is Android debugger. Debuggered vulnerability can be utilised to expose a device's memory content. Furthermore, Android Installer hijacking vulnerability gives hackers the ability to replace legitimate apps with malicious versions in order to steal information from the user."

The report released by the company stated that the mobile malware growth will be seen most in China. In addition, mobile payment methods will be attacked globally. Most of the malicious mobile apps are being developed and used in China. After China, India is the second most affected nation with Android malware. India has one of the biggest smartphone user bases, which makes it an easy target for mobile hackers. Furthermore, China, India and Indonesia are three most severely afflicted countries. The cause of this can also be attributed to the fact that people in these countries have started using mobile payments, which attracts online criminals to conduct their businesses on mobile phones. 

Precautions you can take...

Sharing the simplest possible tricks that users can follow to save from themselves from Android malware, Nilesh said, "The increasing number of attacks on Android can also be blamed on the lack of knowledge among the users apart from the shrewdness of the hackers. If the users today consider a few basic security procedures or hacks and stay a little more alert, Android malware attacks can be controlled. The foremost of them is to avoid installing apps from unknown sources. It is advisable to download apps from reputable app stores like Google Play etc. Thirdly, every Android phone has a security feature that allows the users to lock apps outside Google Play. Activating this feature warns the users about any app trying to install which is not in Google Play."

Are anti-viruses useful?

The answer is a yes and a no. Anti-viruses, if not of good quality, can be of less use. Experts have clarified on several occasions that Apple iTunes and Google Play are not immune to hosting malicious apps on their stores. So users should consider installing a mobile security app on their devices as it can protect users from bad apps that sometimes get through. 

Nilesh says, "The threat to these users today are phishing sites which may be delivered via emails, which have a malicious link embedded within the email or found on browsed sites. These phishing sites request information from the user via the webpage (ex. Login credentials, CC numbers, etc.) and if a user fills them out, the data is sent to the hacker. These phishing pages don't care what browser the user is accessing. So the best protection is a mobile security app that includes web reputation which can block access to these malicious sites. These anti-viruses can help secure a mobile device better as cybercriminals come up with more complex ways to attack mobile devices; more so because no coding is required to bind Android apps with malicious programmes."

He also emphasised that although the number of breach through Android device is on the rise, the phenomenon is still at a nascent stage. Therefore not many people are paying attention to the importance of securing their mobile devices. 

Nilesh said, "Despite the fact that more than half of the total mobile using population store their personal details and other sensitive information online through their mobile devices, very few take basic precautions like using passwords, installing security software or backing up the mobile devices. As mentioned earlier, anti-viruses for mobile phones are available in the market but very few have it or are aware of it. It seems like the mobile security awareness is on decline, but the number of people using mobile devices is growing."

As they say, it's better to be safe than sorry. So, investing in a good anti-virus is not such a bad idea in this bad world of malware. 

diksha.gupta@timesgroup.com

UNAIDS Special Representatives Mette-Marit speaks about hope amidst Aids scourge (Audio)

In order to ensure people living with AIDS are not stigmatized by those around them, the society has been urged to change its attitudes and be helpful to them.

UNAIDS International Goodwill Ambassador Her Royal Highness Crown Princess Mette-Marit of Norway speaking to the press in Dar es salaam yesterday said having Aids does not mean the end of the world.

She said she was so much impressed with the way PASADA is doing its functions to create hope among of the people who are infected; with assurance of productive life equipping them with necessities and education.

She said it is very moving to see young people with infection having hoped to live with.

Mette-Marrit said that people living with HIV/ AIDS need love and protection like other people and the fight against the disease is not a matter of individuals.

She said there is a huge progress in fighting the diseases and its stigma than years back when she and her husband started a foundation to deal with epidemic.

Kenya: A country worth a visit

IT was 5 minutes before nine am, the weather here in Dar es Salaam was a bit cool with no signs of rains to come. I was sipping my drink very lazily waiting for a call to board KQ for Nairobi.

I was not the only one waiting to board the plane at Julius Nyerere International participating in one of the major media tourism campaigns, “KTB Media Familiarization Tour”.

Looking good in my attire and very familiar with Dar hot weather, I was worried my casual wear wasn’t fit enough for Nairobi. So I took my smart phone and did some researches: I realized that I could manage with what I had!

 The trip to Nairobi involved about six media people from Tanzania and it was organized by the Kenya Tourism Board (KTB).

On board KQ.

As per KTB planning, media personnel from Uganda, Rwanda and Kenya were going to join us in an unforgettable tour.

From Tanzania it was 7 of us but unfortunately we had to leave behind a colleague whose permit wasn’t ready. So, in the convoy, together with myself (representing Modewjiblog) there were representatives from The Guardian  and The Citizen, together with Babbie Kabae, famous Clouds TV presenter and his photographer.

Kenyans bana! They know what they are doing; you can sense it from the beginning. The communication, the arrangement, the boarding, the arrival: you name it!

Where the hell KQ did got those beautiful Flight Attendants can’t figure out!! You can start feeling relaxed immediately as you approach the doors of the plane, in fact I can say with confidence that those Flight Attendants are ministers of hospitality. Wearing a lovingly smile upon their faces, they will definitely guarantee you a safe journey. By the way, aren’t they supposed to cheer you up all the way from Dar es Salaam to Nairobi? Well they did it! Thanks to the crew for their outstanding services.

Inside KQ; Nice to see in-seat IFE & USB power port on an Embraer.

After great flight instruction, I leaned on my seat, and took some selfie asking my fellow Tanzanians to pray for me. Two minutes after 9 am we left Bongo for Nairobi.

During the flight we were offered different refreshment and Music and movie lovers could enjoy the luxuries of Kenyan Airways.

After refreshment I decided to enjoy the digital aspects of the plane, by switching on the movies: what an excellent choice of in-flight channels.

After flying in the sky for about an hour and enjoying every bit of services brought by the most experienced Flight Attendants, the pilot asked us to fasten our belts as we were about to land at Jomo Kenyatta International Airport.

We landed safely and proceeded to Immigration where we were assisted by Officers who wore smiles all the time and said “Welcome to Kenya”.

After clearing our Immigration procedures we went outside of the airport to meet our host. There was no problem in identifying him as he positioned himself in a very straight forward manner, bearing a card showing he is from KTB, so we went straight to him.

‘Selfie’ with my colleagues from print media outside the Jomo Kenyatta International Airport (JKIA).

“Hi guys, my name is Eric Omenda from the Kenya Tourism Board, may I know you guys?” He said, after greetings. We identified ourselves. While checking, he found out that one of the guests was not there yet. He excused himself and went to enquire, being told that her plane would have arrived 30 minutes later. The other guest was coming from Malindi .

The host asked us to wait for the other guest and we agreed as we thought it would have been better to go all together.

As we wait for the lady, we engaged in different talks and our driver David spoke a lot in praise of President John Magufuli.

He said he admired the gentleman in his move to control corruption and create a sense of responsibility among civil servants. He said his moves have attracted many people and he is increasingly being popular with comedians who use his voice and actions to entertain people.

While we were talking Eric, our host, arrived with the other guest, a lady who looked very cool.

Our Host Mr. Eric Omenda (R), Kenyan Tourism Board‘s (KTB,  public relations officer chatting with Dickson Ng’hily who was representing Tanzania leading news paper, The Guardian.

She introduced herself as British blogger going by the name Charlotte Beauvoisin who writes about environmental conservation and Tourism. She made me laugh when she introduced her blog with a brand name www.diaryofamuzungu.com, considering she is a European!

 After introductions, we began the journey to the city with a Land Cruiser vehicle from Animal World Safaris Company.

On our way to down town, Charlotte, after finding out that we were coming from Tanzania started to make questions about our country, our tourism attractions and national parks. She wanted to know about many things including Bagamoyo and the spice island of Zanzibar.

She said she has never been to Tanzania and for the last seven years she has been living in Uganda writing for different media on tourism and travelling in Uganda.

Taking a selfie with my fellow blogger from Uganda, Charlotte Beauvoisin, at the back is Dickson Ng’hily.

While dreaming to visit Tanzania, she writes for her blog and @AfricaGeo and Telegraph Expat journals; she is so famous in Uganda for advancing Uganda’s tourism that she was awarded the trophy for “Best Tourism Winner Digital Media, Tourism Excellence Awards 2015, Uganda” in recognition of her work. This made me think about my country and its strategy in creating awareness.

As we head to Nairobi, capital city of Kenya and East Africa’s most populous city (4 million of habitants), founded in 1899 as a railway stop en route to Mombasa and then transformed into a major business hub and headquarter to many Aid agencies, our host asked as to find a place for a quick snack before we proceed to our hotels.

Tamambo Bar and Restaurant which is located at Karen Blixen Coffee Garden where we had our lunch.

It was almost lunch time and we stopped at “Tamambo Karen Blixen COFFEE GARDEN Restaurant and Bar”.

What a place! The place was very breezy, and had very tasty food  I can’t compare with any other place   I have eaten in my many different adventures in Africa.

Looking at the customer care, they have left us very far behind: in fact we (Tanzanians) need to run while they walk and if, they start to run again, we will never catch them.

As we ate I let my ears wonder into what the  world is saying around me and I didn’t wait long before I heard a Muzungu praising the food and getting welcomed again at evening to enjoy the barbecue  offered in a Restaurant known as Carnivore ‘A Beast of a Feast ‘.

I was here!

I will definitely miss the place because on the same evening we went for Nyamachoma and it was not only delicious but entertaining as well.

There were different meats including rabbit, turkey, Mamba, sheep, and many others The way they roast them can only be done at Carnivore (you can find them at www.carnivore.co.ke)

After lunch we headed for the city centre, where KTB have booked our hotel.

Tax paradox: When beer is worth more than gold

The Tanzania Breweries Limited (TBL) company paid more government revenues last year than the country’s six major gold mines combined in the latest sign of a hard-to-explain tax rate disparity amid allegations of large-scale tax dodging by the mining firms.







Big companies are the government’s main source of tax revenue despite the presence of a huge informal economy that nonetheless does not generate a proportionate amount of income for the state.

But according to a new report by the state-run Tanzania Minerals Audit Agency (TMAA), the total taxes paid by the top companies dealing in gold mining in 2015 was 355.33 billion/-; a measly sum compared to the 476bn/- paid by TBL as tax during the same year.

In other words, last year the country’s top beer producer alone paid 34 per cent more tax than the entire large-scale gold mining industry, despite the lattyer beuing one of the country’s key economic sectors.

Similarly, while the total value of minerals sold by major gold mines in Tanzania last year was worth $1.63 billion (3.56 trillion/-), the total tax paid by the mining firms represents less than 10 percent of their revenues.

On the other hand, TBL said in its 2015 annual report that it posted total sales of 1.07 trillion/- last year, with the total taxes paid to the government in 2015 representing 44.5 percent of its revenues.

The entire taxation system has been subjected to fresh scrutiny since President John Magufuli’s directive last year for the Tanzania Revenue Authority (TRA) to crack down on tax evasion by big business.

The taxation of the mining sector has recently come under the microscope after the Tax Revenue Appeals Tribunal issued a ruling accusing Tanzania's biggest gold miner, Acacia Mining plc (formerly known as African Barrick Gold) of being engaged in a “sophisticated scheme of tax evasion” to dodge $41.25-million (over 90 billion-) in taxes to the Tanzanian government.

Acacia, which owns three gold-producing mines in Tanzania -- Bulyanhulu, North Mara and Buzwagi -- has vigorously denied the tribunal's tax dodging allegations and said it would appeal against the ruling by Fauz Twaib, a Tanzanian High Court judge.

Other major gold mines in Tanzania are Geita Gold Mine, which is owned by AngloGold Ashanti, New Luika Gold Mine and the Stamigold Biraharamulo Mine.

Mining companies have long been accused by politicians and activists of being tax cheats in Tanzania, causing the government to get less than its fair share of revenues from the sector.

TBL, which is the country's biggest beer manufacturer, has also recently faced tax dodging allegations from reports published by a local tabloid.

The beer firm, which is majority owned by SABMiller plc, said in a statement last month it has trebled its tax payments to the Tanzanian government over the last 5 years. "Our total tax payments amounted to 476 billion/- in 2015. TBL has also consistently been recognised as the country's most compliant and largest tax payer for five consecutive years," the company said in a statement.

TBL owns four breweries in the country - Dar es Salaam, Arusha, Mwanza and Mbeya. 'COMPARING APPLES WITH ORANGES' According to the TMAA 2015 report released last week, gold production -- which includes gold bars and copper concentrate products -- by major gold mines in 2015 increased by 7.1 percent from 1.27 million troy ounces in 2014 to 1.36 million troy ounces.

Total mineral exports by the six major gold mines last year comprised of 1.37 million troy ounces of gold, 13.8 million pounds of copper and 497,152 troy ounces of silver. The total value of these mineral exports was $1.63 billion.

Ambassador Ami Mpungwe, the chairman of the Tanzania Chamber of Energy and Minerals (TCME), told The Guardian that the fact that one beer maker pays more taxes than the country's entire mining industry was nothing surprising.

"Indeed, TBL is the largest tax payer in the country, more than any other combined industry, not only the mining industry and there are clear reasons for that," he said.

"You need to compare apple for apple but in this case, you are comparing two different industries. Without taking away anything from the beer industry, in this case however, you seem to be comparing the impact of a rapper artist in a crowded stadium and an orchestra performance at a concert hall.

" Mpungwe said TBL as a company in the beverage industry, has a different cost base, just as its products are also different compared to the mining sector.

"In this regard, the initial investment for a beer factory is much smaller compared to mining and it is also one off, save for the normal maintenance, upgrade and expansion costs," he explained.

"Mining risk profile begins at the exploratory phase and requires heavy initial and progressive investments through mining development. Commodity prices are also erratic and the industry does not have any control or room for manoeuvre.

" Mpungwe said it was wrong to just focus on government taxes paid by mining companies, without taking into account the multiplier effect from the mining industry and its broader economic benefits to the nation.

"As a matter of fact, if you take the life of a mine average evaluation distribution model, you will find that taxes and royalties in the mining industry only constitute 15 percent; loans and interests 10 percent; capital reinvestment 5 percent and shareholders get 13 percent, but production cost constitutes 57 percent," he said.

"You need to have a long term view, in order to properly appreciate the contribution of the mining industry, not only to tax revenue but to the greater economy as a whole.

" TRA scrapped plans in 2014 to review mining and gas contracts, after its previous announcement of the move rattled investors in the country's rich gold and natural gas resources.

The tax authority had announced that it was seeking technical assistance to renegotiate mining development agreements (MDAs) and natural gas production sharing agreements (PSAs).

This threatened to duplicate work by the Energy and Minerals Ministry, which also said it was in talks with miners and energy firms to alter deals to give the state more revenue. Investors in Tanzania, Africa's fourth biggest gold miner which has plans to develop huge new gas finds, have complained of shifting goal posts in contracts with the state.

In the tender advertisement posted on its website in 2014, the TRA said the main objective of the contract review was "to secure for the country an enhanced and fair share from the extraction of non-renewable natural resource.

" Mining and energy companies in Tanzania said they have come under increased regulatory pressure in the past few years as the government seeks to increase its share of revenues.

Experts say the government is under popular pressure to spread wealth swiftly from mining and recent gas finds made in the poor country, even though it remains years away from big gas exports. (Don't miss the full Q&A interview with Ambassador Mpungwe in The Guardian tomorrow in the Smart Money business pullo

Sudan's Bashir to step down in 2020

AFP

Khartoum - Sudanese President Omar al-Bashir has said that he will step down in 2020 after his current term in office ends.

"In 2020, there will be a new president and I will be an ex-president," Bashir said in an interview with the BBC broadcast on Thursday.

Bashir, who is wanted by the International Criminal Court on war crimes charges, seized power in a 1989 coup.

The 72-year-old career soldier won a new term last April in elections marred by international criticism, poor turnout and an opposition boycott.

Bashir had previously said he would not run in the 2015 elections.

He told the BBC his job was "exhausting" and that he would not stand in elections slated for 2020.

Bashir was indicted by the ICC over alleged war crimes, crimes against humanity and genocide charges related to the Darfur conflict.

Ethnic minority insurgents rebelled against him in 2003 saying the western region was being marginalised and Bashir unleased a campaign to crush them using troops, militia and jet planes.

The United Nations says some 300 000 people have been killed in the conflict and there are more than 2.5 million displaced people in the region, but Khartoum gives much lower figures.

Fierce fighting in Darfur's Jebel Marra area since January has forced at least 100 000 people to flee their homes, according to the UN.

In his BBC interview, Bashir denied reports his forces had carried out abuses in Jebel Marra.

Source:  news24.com

President Kenyatta says the clean-up on banking sector was long - overdue

President Uhuru Kenyatta expressed confidence in the overall health of the banking and financial sector in Kenya, and said that what the country is going through is a long-overdue cleanup of the sector. The President added that what remains important is the protection of depositors. He was speaking as he wound up his European tour, which took him on official visits to France and Germany. Midsize lender Chase Bank was placed under receivership, locking in billions of shillings in deposits.

Video: Best bits from an all star American Idol season 15 finale

All the action from the American Idol finale, including performances from Keith Urban and Carrie Underwood, Harry Connick Jr. and Marley Fletcher, Kelly Clarkson, Jennifer Hudson, Jennifer Lopez and winner, Trent...

EU – Africa: A common future

As we face the challenges of the 21st century there is more that unites Africa and Europe than divides us. We share a common history of thousands of years. Today more than ever we need to work together to build our common future and to work jointly on the defining global issues of our age.

We both have a shared view of the benefits of cooperation on our continents. Europe’s journey from the devastation of 1945 to a Union of more than half a billion citizens based on shared values and designed to create peace and prosperity is well known. So too is Africa’s liberation from colonial rule to independence and greater integration through the creation of the African Union (AU). Our journeys towards integration are far from over but by working together we can help each other forging stronger ties, learning the lessons from each other’s experiences and building sustainable growth that will benefit our citizens. Our two institutions, the African Union Commission and the European Commission work jointly to help drive this process forward.

Sustainable and inclusive growth and development for both Africa and Europe must benefit us all. This was well recognised by the leaders of Africa and Europe at the last EU-Africa Summit when they put Human Development at the heart of our cooperation. Africa’s population is growing fast. By 2035, the number of young African men and women entering the job market will exceed that of the rest of the world. The full and equal participation of women is essential. As the African Union’s Agenda 2063 recognises, no society can reach its full potential unless it empowers women and removes all obstacles to women’s full participation in all areas of human endeavour. To fully benefit from the demographic dividend, Africa needs to implement the policies spelt out in Agenda 2063 and these need to be implemented fast.

We know that sustainable development can only occur in stable and secure societies. We know, too, that security will be undermined if equal access to the benefits of sustainable development is not assured. This is becoming even more evident in times when terrorist groups are targeting disenchanted and often unemployed youth groups that seek to spread violent sectarian ideologies to destroy the pluralism of our societies. We must guarantee that all citizens, in particular the youth, find a place in society and be fully empowered to reach their potential.

Security cannot exist without justice, democracy, the rule of law, good governance and the effective respect for human rights of all individuals and communities. 2016 is the African Year of Human Rights with particular focus on the Rights of Women. The European Union (EU) has also designated 2016 as a year of human rights activism and global campaigning. This is an opportunity for all of us to team up, strengthen our work together in support of the African Governance Architecture, as well as in support of universally agreed human rights. Africa can be proud of having one of strongest human rights’ frameworks in the world: by the end of 2016 we should ensure that all our Member States have ratified all human rights treaties.

The African Peace and Security Architecture is designed to enable Africa to manage its own peace and security. This is in our common interest and the European Union is ready to continue supporting this goal. The work that has been done in countries like Somalia, the Central African Republic and Mali bears testimony to this. The African Peace Facility has pioneered a shared EU-Africa commitment by giving Africa the means to develop and use its own capacity to carry out essential mediation work, to prevent conflicts and to secure peace. In light of the connectivity of global threats and major regional crises, a strong and resilient African Union is essential.

Today’s migration crisis, partly rooted in violent conflicts, also makes a compelling case for closer cooperation. Europe is confronted by an unprecedented flow of refugees and asylum seekers. In Africa, too, people are on the move – from villages to cities, to neighbouring countries and sometimes towards Europe. Those moves are mainly motivated by fear and hope. Fear of conflict and poverty, hope for peace, security and opportunities. We must address both the fears and the hopes. If we want to ensure integration, we must manage human mobility. Our two Commissions will continue to work together on migration and mobility. We will work together to address the root causes of illegal migration, support mobility and labour migration, reduce the cost of remittances, strength international protection, facilitate return and to combat human trafficking.

There is optimism about Africa’s future, and rightly so. For more than a decade, Africa has enjoyed sustained economic growth. Africa is an increasingly attractive place to do business. Trade with the EU has increased by 50% since 2007. Around 40% of Africa’s exports are made up of processed products, with a consistent trade surplus in Africa’s favour. The EU remains Africa’s main trading partner. Investments by European companies and their subsidiaries in Africa total over EUR 200 billion annually, making the EU Africa’s leading investment partner. Trade and investment relations between Africa and the EU can be improved further through closer cooperation, policy coordination and the conclusion of WTO negotiations. Europe also remains Africa’s main development partner with more than €20 billion official development assistance (ODA) per year.

But continued growth cannot be taken for granted. Decreasing price of oil and other commodities as well as reduced demand from China and other emerging economies will have negative impacts. Africa’s reliance on raw material exports makes it vulnerable to downturns in demand in overseas markets, hence the need for value addition through industrialisation.

Our two Commissions are working together to promote industrialisation, diversification and increasing value added. We are working together to promote investments in African infrastructure, facilitate technology transfer and intensify joint research and development. Last but not least, we are working together to boost agriculture to promote sustainable and inclusive economic growth. This is why creating a Continental Free Trade Area which promotes free and fair trade is so important.

Our Unions, our two continents face common challenges From climate change, migration, ensuring sustainable economic growth to the fight against terrorism and violent extremism; those are challenges that we have to face together. We know well that we are stronger when we are working together. We are starting preparations for the 5th EU-Africa Summit to be held in Africa in 2017 with these objectives well in mind.

By Jean-Claude Juncker and Nkosazana Dlamini-Zuma

Influence of the Karume legacy

Dar/Chake Chake/Zanzibar. Zanzibar’s first President Abeid Amani Karume was a lot of things to different people. For some Zanzibaris Karume represented an era prosperity when politics were not allowed to defer development. They still remember him as the man of action.


Mr Hamisi Othman Juma, a Chake Chake resident, says most of the infrastructure in Zanzibar was built by Mzee Karume.


“For the eight years that Mzee Karume had been in power he had built industries and had left plans for future development of Zanzibar which were, unfortunately, ignored by successive presidents.


Karume is the person that you can attribute to every achievement that is today seen in Zanzibar for over 50 years after Zanzibar revolution, says Mr Daudi Ismail, a political expert and a resident of Pemba.


He adds that Karume would always be remembered for speedy building of affordable residential houses, among other projects.


“Karume spoke less politics, and instead was a man of action. Unfortunately our current leaders don’t follow this legacy, instead they focus much on politics than development issues,” he said.


Issa Suleiman Shibu, another Chake Chake resident says Karume initiated the union with Tanganyika, which helped to stabilize Zanzibar politically and economically. The union later became thorny as some challenges emerged and have remained unsolved to this day, Mr Shibu, says.


Zanzibaris’ nostalgic reverence of Mzee Karume is understandable considering the bold popular moves that he took soon after the revolution in 1964. He confiscated land from the rich landowners and distributed it to poor peasants some of whom were, previously, squatters in the same land. Records show that between 1965 and 1967 about 12,028 peasants in Unguja and 1,920 in Pemba had benefited.


Mzee Karume also introduced free education and health services. He also constructed residential buildings to house the poor and started rice irrigation schemes. These moves were deeply popular with Zanzibaris who had spent decades under subjugation in a society in which people were grouped in classes and received privileges in accordance to the colours of their skins.


For some political commentators, historians and academicians, however, Karume was a deeply controversial figure with a mixed legacy that could have been embedded in the DNA of CCM’s politics in Zanzibar today.


They acknowledged that problems with Zanzibar’s electoral politics were aggravated by class and racial politics long before Mzee Karume came to power and were in fact the trigger for the January 1964 revolution. They argue, however, that the leadership style of Mzee Karume and his failure to build political and judicial institutions in his eight years at the helm aggravated the situation and set in motion an unhealthy culture in the electoral politics of the Isles.


In his book Pan-Africanism or Pragmatism? Lessons of Tanganyika-Zanzibar Union Prof Issa G. Shivji writes that Mzee Karume’s legacy in Zanzibar could be described as autocratic because he dismantled all structure of democracy and rule of law in the isles. He, in fact, ruled by decree and gave the Revolutionary Council- whose members he appointed- legislative, judicial and executive powers. The Zanzibar Electoral Commission and the House of Representatives were only established in 1980 after a Zanzibar constitution-the first since the revolution-was created in 1979.


Author Hank Chase says in an article entitled Zanzibar Treason Trial published in the journal Review of Africa Political Economy in 1976 that despite Mzee Karume’s bold moves to root out colonial political and economic elements soon after the Revolution his government started assuming a character that led to stifling of mass participation in decision-making as well as eliminating critics of government policies.


One indication of stifling mass participation, Chase writes, is that the Afro-Shirazi Party failed to hold any party conference for all the eight years that Mzee Karume was at the helm. In fact the ASP had not held any meeting for ten years between 1962 and 1972. The first meeting in ten years was held in December 1972 under the chairman of Aboud Jumbe Mwinyi. The conference was attended by President Julius Nyerere and other Tanu leaders, delegates from 12 African countries and representatives of freedom movements and marked a return to mass participation that culminated in the 1979 constitution and the creation of both the Zanzibar Electoral Commission and the House of Representatives in 1980.


“He declared that there would be no elections in Zanzibar for 50 years. The only elections that were allowed in Zanzibar were for the President of the Union,” Prof Shivji writes.


Another author William Smith writes that Mzee Karume was quoted telling a journalis of the Standard newspaper that “Elections are the tools are a tool of the imperialists to sabotage the people.” This could have been in reference to pre-revolution elections where the ASP won the popular votes but could not win enough seats to form the government.


Soon after the union between Zanzibar and Tanganyika in 1964 Mzee Karume decrees to suspend indefinitely the creation of the new constitutions and vesting of legislative powers on the Revolutionary Council. Between 1966 and 1969 several decrees were passed that even tually crippled the powers of the courts. There had existed a judicial system with a highcourt, district, primary and and validity of this system started being gradually eroded by a series of decrees according to Prof Shivji. A Special Court consisting of 14 members all to be appointed by the President was created. It had exclusive jurisdiction to deal with all criminal related matters, political offenses and all offenses under preventive detention. “The special court was not bound by any procedures; it would set its own procedures. Its proceedings were not open to the public and no advocates or public prosecutors were allowed to appear before the court. No appeals were allowed except to the President whose decision was final,” Prof Shivji writes in Pan-Africanism or Pragmatism? Lessons of Tanganyika-Zanzibar Union.


Under pressure from the Union government the court was officially wound up soon enough, but it had already the tone and some government officials went on acting as prosecutors and judges as well as detaining people under the prevention detention decree. ___In 1969 the People’s Court Decree was issued, which established the people’s courts that officially replaced the lower courts while the high court remained in name only. The courts were manned by a chairman and two assistances. But these “officials of the courts” were not required to have any legal qualifications, no advocates were allowed in the courts, according to the decree. The courts determined their own procedures. In the same year another decree was issued which established the supreme council of the Revolutionary Council which were given overriding powers of appeal from the High Court but no decision of the council was final until endorsed by the President himself.


Mzee Karume legacy has nothing to do with current crisis


Zanzibari politicians from across the political divide, however, say the current crisis should not be blamed on Mzee Karume’s legacy. While they praise Mzee Karume’s vision and sacrifice for the country they point fingers at each other as far as the current political stalemate is concerned.


Pandu Ameir Kificho, former speaker of Zanzibar House of Representatives says the vision of Mzee Karume was anchored on seeing that all Zanzibaris lived and work together as equals regardless of their ethnic backgrounds.